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Alfred Frauenfeld
Alfred Eduard Frauenfeld (18 May 1898 in Vienna - 10 May 1977 in Hamburg) was an Austrian Nazi leader. An engineer by occupation,〔Tibor Frank, ''Discussing Hitler: advisers of U.S. diplomacy in Central Europe, 1934-1941'', 2003, p. 227〕 he was associated with the pro-Nazi Germany wing of Austrian Nazism.
==Activism in Austria==
Frauenfeld was the son of a privy councillor and during the First World War he served on the Italian front as an Officer Candidate in the rank of a sergeant with the pay grade of a lance corporal with the k.u.k. Fliegerkompanie Nr. 48.〔Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', Simon & Schuster, 1990, p. 136〕 Working variously as a mason and a bank clerk, Frauenfeld was initially a member of the Christian Social Party.〔
However Frauenfeld first came to prominence in the politics of Vienna, initially in Hermann Hiltl's movement, before becoming a highly influential figure amongst the city's Nazis during the late 1920s.〔R.J.B. Bosworth, ''The Oxford Handbook of Fascism'', Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 442〕 He seems to have joined the Austrian Nazi Party in August 1929 and very quickly took on the role of ''bezirksleiter'' for his district of Vienna.〔 He was confirmed by Adolf Hitler as Nazi Gauleiter in Vienna in 1930.〔F. Parkinson, ''Conquering the past: Austrian Nazism yesterday & today'', 1989, p. 38〕 In this role he became hugely active, organising over 1000 propaganda meetings in three years and founding a party newspaper ''Der Kampfruf'' with his own money in 1930, before ultimately running four Nazi dailies and four weeklies.〔 Under his command the Nazis became an important force in Vienna, winning almost ten times as many votes in the 1932 elections as they did in 1930.〔 From a few hundred members when he took over, Frauenfeld had expanded the Viennese party to 40,000 members by 1934.〔Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary'', p. 137〕 Frauenfeld's success saw him considered for the post of leader of the Austrian Nazi Party in 1931, although ultimately Theodor Habicht was chosen for the role by Gregor Strasser on Hitler's advice.〔 Despite his success as an organiser Frauenfeld also had a reputation for a domineering and impolite temperament, something which ensured a frosty relationship with other leading Austrian Nazis Josef Leopold and Alfred Proksch.〔
Frauenfeld became associated with the terrorist activities of the Nazis within Austria and in June 1933 he was held at Wöllersdorf internment camp.〔Jonathan Petropoulos, ''The Faustian bargain: the art world in Nazi Germany'', 2000, p. 175〕 He was also closely involved with Habicht in the abortive putsch of 1934.〔F. Parkinson, ''Conquering the past: Austrian Nazism yesterday & today'', 1989, p. 44〕 Engelbert Dollfuss had actually offered Frauenfeld a cabinet post in May 1934 in an attempt to avoid rebellion but he refused to offer and went to Germany to become involved in the plot.〔 He would remain in Germany after the plot failed and in 1936 was appointed to the Reichstag as member for Düsseldorf East.〔
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